Inflation weighs more among the poorest in April and goes to 12.7% in 12 months

In the 12-month period, the inflation perceived by the very low-income group was 17.6% higher than that felt by the high-income group.

At lower income families were the ones that most felt the increase in prices in the economy in April. The rise in prices was 1.06%, compared to a result of 1.00% in the highest income bracket, informed this Monday, 16, the Institute of Applied Economic Research (Ipea).

“While the rise in food prices at home was the main factor of inflationary pressure for the three lowest income classes in the month, for the other three income segments the increases in the ‘transportation’ group were the ones that had the greatest impact”, pointed out the technician Maria Andreia Parente Lameiras, author of the Ipea Conjuncture Letter.

Among very low-income families, there was pressure in April, especially from price increases in rice (2.2%), beans (7.1%), pasta (3.5%), potatoes (18.3%), milk (10.3%), chicken (2.4%), eggs (2.2%), French bread (4.5%) and soybean oil (8.2%), as well as the increase in 6.1 % of medicines.

In the higher income group, the biggest impact came from the transport group, due to the readjustments of airline tickets (9.5%), transport by application (4.1%), gasoline (2.5%), ethanol (8, 4%) and diesel (4.5%).

In the 12-month period, the inflation perceived by the very low income group was 17.6% higher than that felt by the high income group, according to the Ipea Inflation Indicator by Income Range. In the very low-income group, inflation accumulated in the 12 months ending in April was 12.7%, while among high-income families this variation was 10.8%.

“Disaggregated data reveal that, for lower-income households, the greatest inflationary pressures over the last twelve months reside in the food and beverage and housing groups. In the first case, increases in fresh foods – carrots (178.1%), tomatoes (103.3%) and potatoes (63.4%) -, proteins – chicken (21.7%), eggs (17 .7%) and milk (23.4%) -, from flours – wheat flour (23.2%) and French bread (13.1%) – and from oils and fats – soybean oil (31.5% ) and margarine (22.2%) – explain a good part of the inflationary impact in the period. In the case of housing, the main upward influences came from increases in bottled gas (32.3%) and electricity (20-5%). For higher-income families, the pressure points are mainly in the transport group, reflecting the increases in fuels – gasoline (31.2%), ethanol (42.1%) and vehicle gas (45.2%). ) -, in addition to the increase in transport by app (67.2%), taxi (11.5%) and air tickets (14 3%)”, wrote Lameiras, in the Letter of Conjuncture.

The Broad National Consumer Price Index (IPCA), calculated by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and used by IPEA to calculate inflation by income bracket, was 1.06% in April and 12.13% in 12 months.

The IPEA indicator separates the price variations measured by the IPCA into six family income brackets. The groups range from a family income of less than BRL 1,726.01 per month, in the case of the very low income bracket, to a monthly family income above BRL 17,260.14, in the case of the highest income.

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